New thinking and model of China's home furnishing industry in the era of industry 4.0

"Industry 4.0" is the "fourth industrial revolution" led by intelligent manufacturing, which is regarded as the future development direction of global manufacturing industry. At present, with the proposal of "Internet plus" and "made in China 2025", the innovation driven by the themes of "industry 4.0", "Internet plus", "integration of the two" and "customization and flexible production" has become the driving force for the upgrading and economic development of traditional industries. Especially in science and technology, period of diversification and personalized needs, fast changing, the interconnection and integration, coordination, interaction and disintermediation and efficient Internet thinking edify, furniture enterprises frontal mode of production is no longer the traditional economy mode of mass production, manufacture and service of industry boundaries are no longer obvious, but on the basis of manufacturing, manufacturing, and gradually from the production manufacturing to service from the manufacturer of furniture products to household system solution provider. Patterns such as customized furniture, integrated furniture, whole-house customization and overall home furnishing solutions have become important directions for future home furnishing industry changes.

1 connotation of industry 4.0 and made in China 2025

1.1 Industry 4.0, as a national strategy of Germany, integrates traditional manufacturing technology with Internet technology and aims to support the r&d and innovation of a new generation of revolutionary technologies in the industrial field, so as to once again enhance the global competitiveness of German Industry. In northern Germany, it is regarded as "the fourth industrial revolution".

Industry 4.0 is a basic mode transformation from centralized control to decentralized and enhanced control based on the cyber-physical System (CPS), to build a highly flexible intelligent manufacturing mode of personalized and digital products and services. Its framework can be summarized as:

A network (CPS) information physical system network, two themes (intelligent factory and intelligent production), three integration (horizontal integration, vertical integration and end-to-end integration), eight plan (reference architecture, management standardization and complex systems, comprehensive industrial broadband infrastructure, safety and security, work organization and design, training and continuing professional development, regulation and rules and regulations, the resources use efficiency).

Under the new model, the traditional industry boundaries will disappear and new fields of activities and forms of cooperation will emerge.

1) use the Internet of things (Internet of everything) and the Internet of services (service interconnection) to connect and combine the physical equipment units in the manufacturing industry with sensors, terminal systems, intelligent control systems, communication facilities, etc., so that the physical equipment has the intelligence of research, development, design and precise control;

2) realize the interconnection between people, man and machine, machine, manufacturing and service, and realize intelligent manufacturing;

3) the participation of users in the whole process not only brings rich market information, but also gives rise to new formats such as "personal customization" and "crowdsourcing design".

1.2 objectives and connotations of made in China 2025

In 2015, China put forward the grand plan of "made in China 2025" for the first time in the government work report. In may of the same year, the state council officially issued "made in China 2025".

"Made in China 2025" is the top-level planning and development roadmap for China's manufacturing industry in the next decade under the new normal of the economy. It is also the action program for the first decade of China's manufacturing power strategy. Its fundamental goal is to change the situation that China's manufacturing industry is "big but not strong", highlight innovation drive, optimize policy environment, give play to institutional advantages, and realize the transformation of China's manufacturing to China's creation, China's speed to China's quality, and China's products to China's brands. It aims to make China a manufacturing power through 10 years of efforts and lay a solid foundation for building a manufacturing power with global leadership and influence by 2045.

"Made in China 2025" is about innovation driven, transformation and upgrading, and moving to the medium-high end. The essence of "industry 4.0" in Germany and "industrial Internet" in the United States is the same, and the core is intelligent manufacturing, so it is also called "industry 4.0" in China.

The differences between the two are as follows: the essence of Germany's "industry 4.0" is automation + informatization, which is to realize intelligent manufacturing on the basis of industry 2.0 and industry 3.0, focusing on technology and mode; The essence of "made in China 2025" is mainly industrialization and it application. It aims to realize intelligent manufacturing through the integration of "industrialization and informatization". It focuses on industries and policies.

2. The connotation of customization and mass customization

In today's environment, China's manufacturing industry, on the one hand, is faced with the rapid development of automation, computing, information, materials and management technologies. On the other hand, the change of market demand and the intensification of competition force enterprises to seek the manufacturing and production management methods that can respond to the market quickly and adapt to the contemporary environment. Enterprises began to shift from inventory production to order production, and "customization" gradually emerged.

2.1 connotation of customization

Customization refers to tailor-made processing or service for consumers, whose essence is to organize and arrange production according to customer orders.

According to the inventory production (mass production) is our country furniture and wood products production enterprise basic mode. The last 10 years. With more personalized demand and the rapid replacement of products, the market is becoming more and more difficult to predict, and the risk of inventory production is increasing. More and more enterprises begin to want to change to customized production mode. "Bespoke" already became a kind of vogue, a kind of tide, become the pronoun of high-grade, costly even.

For manufacturing enterprises, customization is the promotion of enterprise brand quality and culture, as well as the richer and more reliable connotation in the process of enterprise brand culture system construction. For consumers, "customization" is not only the demand for product functions, but the expression of the lifestyle of specific consumer groups.

2.2 connotation of personalized nature

Personalized cuetomization refers to the process of product design, production and processing according to customers' special needs or by customers to provide them with goods with strong personal specialization or products or services that match their personal needs.

"Personalized customization" not only represents the customizer's aesthetic taste and unique life proposition, but also enables more consumers to enjoy "exclusive" services and personalized life experience.

At the same time, our country furniture and interior decoration has been handled by the original carpenter furniture, wood decoration door, again half mechanization or the development of mechanization, automation and intelligence of the factory, according to the order of custom furniture and wood products, make furniture and household wood "personalization" and "flexible production gradually developed.

2.3 connotation of flexible production

Flexible production (Flexible production), also known as Flexible manufacturing system (Flexible manufacturing system, FMS), is aimed at the disadvantages of mass production and put forward a new mode of production, and controlled by the uniform computer information system, automatic material storage and transportation system and the organic composition of numerical control processing equipment, able to adapt to automation machinery manufacturing processing object transform system. It can realize the processing of various kinds of workpiece without stopping the machine, and it has certain management function, it can make a quick response to the change of market demand, eliminate redundant and useless loss, and strive for greater benefits for the enterprise.

"Personalized customization" and "flexible production" have become the focus of attention since they were first proposed in China's government work report in 2016. Its essence embodies:

"Personalized customization" refers to the Business model, which is transformed from the traditional "Business to customer" (B2C) to "customer to Business" (C2B) or "Online to offline" (O2O). "Flexible production" refers to the manufacturing model, which is a shift from the traditional "Manufacturers to business" (M2B) or "Manufacturer to customer" (M2C) to "customer to Manufacturer" (C2M).

Flexible production has been endowed with more significance in the era of "Internet plus". Through the Internet platform, both suppliers and suppliers can realize clear demand, product design, processing and production, and logistics distribution, and complete the transaction of personalized products in a short time. Flexible production plays a crucial role in this process. Taking the home furnishing industry in guangdong province as an example, through personalized customization and flexible production, users' demands can be quickly implemented into orders and production plans of enterprises.

At the same time, flexible production is also conducive to the realization of multi-enterprise organization coordination, so that technical factors, market factors and other collaborative configuration more convenient, improve the quality of products and service level.

2.4 concept of mass customization

Mass customization (Mass customization, MC), also known as large-scale Mass customization, customization or is a set of enterprises, customers, suppliers, employees and the environment at an organic whole, make full use of the enterprise has some resources, the standardized technology, modern design method, the support of information technology and advanced manufacturing technology, according to the personalized needs of customers, to Mass production of low cost, high quality and high efficiency to provide customized products and service mode of production.

Mass customization is a kind of advanced manufacturing system, the basic idea is to through the product structure and manufacturing process of reconstruction, the use of modern information technology, new material technology, flexible manufacturing technology such as the use of advanced technology, all or part of the problem of product customization production into mass production, at the cost of mass production and speed, into a single customer personalized or multiple varieties and small batch orders, I any number of products, is to realize the mass production of a new manufacturing mode. By combining the two seemingly contradictory aspects of mass customization and personalization, the author realizes the organic combination of customer customization and mass production, that is, a manufacturing mode that meets customer's personalized needs by means of mass production.

To realize mass customization, we must have the following capabilities: accurate acquisition of customer needs, MC oriented agile product development and design capabilities, and flexible manufacturing capabilities. Technical basis:

1) industrialization: processing equipment with mechanization, automation and flexible automation, as well as computer integrated manufacturing system.

2) standardization: based on group technology and modularization; Standardization of products, raw and auxiliary materials, process and tooling, quality and inspection, sales and service, management standardization of basic information, document and report format, data quota, business process, link procedure, and job and operation.

3) informatization: it has an advanced information system to ensure the "integration of management and control" of resources and processes such as "human resources, financial resources, materials, production, supply and sales"; Realize the design and manufacture, sale and service of products digitalized, networked, coordinated and real-time.

3. Home furnishing and its customization mode

After 30 years of rapid development after the reform and opening up, China's furniture industry has become the world's largest manufacturer and exporter of furniture, with products in more than 200 countries and regions around the world, playing an important role in international furniture production and trade. At present, China's economy has entered a new normal, and the furniture industry has also undergone a transformation from high-speed development to medium-low development. Faced with pressure and challenges, the furniture industry is undergoing transformation and upgrading and quality improvement innovation. Furniture and interior decoration of buildings are closely integrated, and the direction of "everyone lives" is being extended and developed.

3.1 connotation and extension of home furnishing

"Furniture" nowadays new meaning is "domestic bedroom", the article of all sorts of adornment or display inside the bedroom and environment, include geographical position even (furniture geomantic) belong to furniture category.

As furniture closely combine with construction of interior decoration, home has been extended to the household articles for use by furniture products and household environment, its connotation development of furniture + construction interior decoration decoration, formed mainly include furniture, decoration, household appliances, home textiles, home act the role ofing, lamps, kitchen utensils and appliances, defend (clean) composed of eight aspects such as "house" category, and the custom home, whole house home, integrated home, the whole household, intelligent household and other manufacturing model and business model.

3.2 home customization mode

With the increasingly vigorous demand for personalized and "Internet +" technology continue to implement, home furnishing market personalized customization popular, especially by the 80, 90 young people.

According to incomplete statistics and forecasts, the market size of customized furniture (household) is 100 billion yuan in 2015. If the growth rate is maintained at 18% per year in the future, the market size may reach 160 billion yuan by 2020. How to find the business orientation, manufacturing mode and business mode of enterprises in the large category of "home furnishing" is the primary problem for the transformation and upgrading of furniture enterprises and innovation-driven development.

1) custom furniture

On the basis of mass production, furniture enterprises treat every consumer as a separate market segment and manufacture their own furniture according to the design requirements or orders of consumers. If appear on the market at present integral chest, ambry, bookcase, wine ark, shoe ark, TV ark, enter type cloakroom, enter wall chest, integral furniture to wait.

Customized furniture can be for a piece, a set or a class of furniture products, according to consumer personal preferences, space details to customize personalized configuration, each piece (set, class) customized products can be unique.

2) customized home furnishing

Is the user as the center, carries on the household complete customization, starts from the design, will the furniture and the interior decoration, the decoration relationship between the full coordination, according to the personalized design, the factory production, thus achieves the style consistent and the craft perfect union.

As the product of industrialization of home outfit, besmear household and traditional home outfit mode are compared to have apparent advantage, can replace traditional manual workshop not only decorate mode, and it is the inevitable trend of future adornment industry development.

3) whole house customized home furnishing (whole house customized home furnishing)

On the basis of mass production, enterprises design and manufacture their own furniture or household products according to the requirements of consumers to achieve the unity of household style. From design, material selection and specification, appearance modelling, colour decoration, the supporting function, environmental protection and upgrade, manufacturing, sales and service, etc., with the help of the Internet technology and platform, through the online booking, door-to-door gauge, scheme design, to the store see scheme, contract (order), customized production, product distribution, the door installed after-sales service flow, provide customized service for consumers.

Broke the whole house custom household "to buy furniture after decorating" traditional decoration ideas, is advocated "after the first set of furniture decorate" mode, can reasonable use of the various space of the building, and can match the whole household environment, meet the personalized needs of consumers at the same time, also is advantageous to the enterprise according to the order production, eliminate the backlog of inventory, accelerate the capital turnover, lower marketing costs and simplify the decoration process, to accelerate the development of product design, improve quality and other advantages. At present, whole house bespoke lives in already became one of the important means that numerous furniture manufacturer promotes a product, the next 10 years will be bespoke kind whole lives in the peak of development.

4) integrated home (whole home)

Is to put the whole and interior decoration as a kind of product management service mode, on the premise of meet the demand of household personality, with factory to ensure standardized production, professional service as the core, set the overall decoration design, construction, household products research and development, production, material mixing, the supply of a complete set of household as a body's comprehensive service mode.

Integrated household (whole household) is borne by the independent production enterprises and provide the design, production and decoration services through-train service, through the mass customization, industrialization, information control, network services, according to the requirements of the customers personalized, customized design custom furniture, wooden lines ornaments, all household products, make the whole house home products in material selection, all household products such as adornment, make the whole house home products in material selection, decoration and so on the overall style harmonious and unified, wholeness and stronger, better quality, less decoration, more personalized, more worry a distinctive feature of time saving money; At the same time, it can also solve the construction site noise, dust and other pollution problems, the construction of comfortable, safe, environmental protection, fashion, humanized, personalized indoor furniture environment.

5) whole wood home (whole wood customization, whole wood home decoration)

The wood products required for home furnishing are combined together to provide consumers with a complete solution of wood products for home furnishing. Supporting products include: furniture, wooden door, wooden window, ambry, wardrobe, wine cabinet, bookcase, cloakroom, dado, ceiling, stair, floor, fireplace, decorative column, all kinds of decoration modeling cover, decorative modeling line, hundred page window, etc. The whole wood home is mostly solid wood or banmu combination of high-end products positioning, mainly suitable for villas, manor, clubs, high-end model room.

At present whole wood home outfit still does not have relevant standard, the industry is very vague to whole wood home outfit concept still, the design concept that whole wood home outfit, craft structure, form a complete set technically mostly still not mature, the scale model enterprise that does whole wood household or whole wood home outfit truly professional is not much. A few whole wood home installs brand to be from the product such as production wood door, ark class, wooden floor, stair class, furniture class extends development basically and come, enterprise level is uneven. But with the advancement of factory customization, digital design and manufacturing technology, whole wood home decoration will be an important trend in the future home decoration industry.

6) smart home

The combination intelligence, electronic intelligence, mechanical intelligence, things intelligence and so on clever blend into the furniture product, make the furniture intelligence, fashion, multi-function, use more convenient, comfortable. It is an important part of nouveau riche lifestyle, and also the trend and trend of furniture development in the future.

7) smart home

In housing as a platform, the use of integrated wiring technology, network communication technology, security technology, automatic control technology, audio and video technology, to integrate the household life related facilities, to build the efficient schedule residential facilities and family affairs management system, improve home security, convenience, comfort, artistry, and achieve energy conservation and environmental protection living environment.

Smart home is a house as a platform, the living environment of smart home system installation, through the Internet of things technology, connect all kinds of home appliance equipment together, constitute a powerful, highly intelligent modern smart home system, to provide household appliances, lighting, curtain control, telephone remote control, indoor and outdoor remote control, anti-theft alarm, environmental monitoring, hvac control, infrared forward and programmable timing control and other functions and means. Smart home not only has the traditional living functions, but also has architecture, network communication, information home appliances, equipment automation, system, structure, service, management as one, with more convenient means to manage home equipment, optimize life style, enhance the security of home life, reasonable use of all kinds of energy, save money.

4 conclusion

In 2016, China's government work report put forward "personalized customization" and "flexible production" for the first time, providing a new mode of thinking, business model and manufacturing model.

As labor-intensive manufacturing furniture and traditional interior renovation, in the face of our country labor, resources and environmental costs continue to rise, the market competition is increasingly fierce, the individuality demand increasingly diverse, technological progress with each passing day, should learn from "4.0" and "Internet thinking", "two" depth of informatization and industrialization road to integration.

With the strong support of Internet, Internet of things, cloud computing, big data and other technologies, the theory of mass customization and information technology are effectively integrated. Through the digital design and manufacturing production mode, information management and service of business model innovation, gradually realize the research and development design, production and manufacturing, process control, enterprise management, marketing services, and the whole process of production and operation, intelligent digital, make furniture and wood industry enterprise from a product manufacturer to household system integration service providers. It can be expected that China's furniture or household "personalized customization, flexible production" will continue to develop.